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17939 |
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Date: February 06, 2022 at 04:24:21
From: akira, [DNS_Address]
Subject: Terrestrial warming and cooling: Either or both? |
URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7575223/ |
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Temperature (Austin). 2020; 7(3): 215–216.
Published online 2020 Sep 17. doi: 10.1080/23328940.2020.1818914
PMCID: PMC7575223
PMID: 33123617
Terrestrial warming and cooling: Either or both?
Andrej A. Romanovsky
Author information Copyright and License information Disclaimer
The main focus of the journal Temperature is on the interactions between
temperature and life; in fact, the journal’s motto is: “Temperature is life!” [1].
In agreement with this focus, Temperature has been covering some
biologically relevant aspects of climate change. One of Temperature’s
Editorial Board members, Camille Parmesan, participated in the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC); together with the
former US Vice-President Al Gore, the panel was awarded the Nobel Peace
Prize in 2007 “for their efforts to build up and disseminate greater
knowledge about man-made climate change, and to lay the foundations for
the measures that are needed to counteract such change.” In the first
volume of Temperature, Camille Parmesan published an essay about her
fascinating journey in science [2]. In the same issue, Robyn Hetem and her
colleagues published a comprehensive review on responses of large
mammals to climate change [3]. Lučka Kajfež Bogataj, another IPCC
participant, coauthored two articles published in Temperature [4,5]. One of
these articles [5] is an editorial introducing HEAT-SHIELD, a European
Union-funded inter-sectoral research project aimed at shielding the
population from the increasing frequency and magnitude of heat events.
A main direction of modern research on climate change and of IPCC
activities involves studies using modeling and connecting terrestrial
temperatures to carbon dioxide levels. Cumulatively, these studies suggest
that air temperatures on our planet are generally (“on average”) increasing,
which has been linked to rising carbon dioxide. Of course, the carbon
dioxide-based approach to understanding climate change is not the only
one. Recently, the journal Scientific Reports published a paper by Valentina
Zharkova et al. [6], in which the authors focus on the fact that terrestrial
temperatures are affected by activity of the Sun and, according to the
research presented in the paper, closely correlate with the total solar
irradiance. Extrapolating these correlations into the future, the authors
predict that “ … substantial temperature decreases are expected … to occur
in 2020–2055 and 2370–2415” [6]. Wait a minute, is the Earth currently
warming or cooling? Or is it exhibiting a long-term warming trend with some
short-term cooling occurring on top of it?
In addition to the scientific intrigue, it is also puzzling to me how the Editors
of Scientific Reports handled the Zharkova et al. [6] article. After the article
passed peer review and was published, it received critical comments on the
journal’s website (the so-called post-publication peer review), and the
Editors retracted the paper. In the retraction notice, the Editors explained
that the retraction was based on a scientific error [6], and the retraction was
accepted by one of the four authors of the retracted work. While different
publishers and journals have different policies, it is rather unusual to retract
a paper based on an error – not on any misconduct. Errors in published
papers are typically corrected in errata. If all scientific papers containing
honest errors were retracted, not too many would be left for us to read! It is
also important to note that, in the Zharkova et al. case, the alleged error did
not seem to interfere with the analyses presented in the “main” portion of
the paper, and neither did it change the authors’ main conclusion.
Zharkova’s work, her provocative predictions, and the retraction of her
article received a lot of attention in the media, including mainstream
newspapers such as the Washington Post and Guardian. I thought the
readers of the journal Temperature would be interested in hearing from
Professor Valentina Zharkova, first-hand. I invited her to write an editorial
and to explain, in layman’s terms, to us – biologists and physicians – what
her work says about the thermal future of our planet. You can read Valentina
Zharkova’s thoughts on this topic in this issue of Temperature [7]. I hope
Temperature readers agree that we need more original approaches to
research, more discussion, and more effort to explain our ideas to others,
especially across disciplines. Errors happen, and this is fine. Different
studies – all arguably imperfect – lead to different conclusions, and this is
fine too.
Go to:
References
[1] Romanovsky AA. New research journals are needed and can compete
with titans. Temperature. 2014;1(1):1–5. doi:10.4161/temp.27666. [PMC free
article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
[2] Parmesan C. From medicine to butterflies and back again. Temperature.
2014;1(2):67–70. doi:10.4161/temp.29789. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
[3] Hetem R, Fuller A, Maloney SK, et al. Responses of large mammals to
climate change. Temperature. 2014;1(2):115–127. doi: 10.4161/temp.29651.
[PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
[4] Ioannou LG, Tsoutsoubi L, Samoutis G, et al. Time-motion analysis as a
novel approach for evaluating the impact of environmental heat exposure on
labor loss in agriculture workers. Temperature. 2017;4(3):330–340.
doi:10.1080/23328940.2017.1338210. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
[5] Nybo L, Kjellstrom T, Kajfez Bogataj L, et al. Global heating: attention is
not enough; we need acute and appropriate actions. Temperature.
2017;4(3):199–201. doi:10.1080/23328940.2017.1338930. [PMC free article]
[PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
[6] Zharkova V, Shepherd SJ, Zharkov SI, et al. Retracted article.
Oscillations of the baseline of solar magnetic field and solar irradiance on a
millennial timescale. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):9197. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
[Google Scholar] Retracted
[7] Zharkova V. Modern grand solar minimum will lead to terrestrial cooling.
Temperature. 2020;7(3):215–216. doi:10.1080/23328940.2020.1796243.
[PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
Articles from Temperature: Multidisciplinary Biomedical Journal are provided
here courtesy of Taylor & Francis
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Responses:
[17948] [17949] [17951] [17940] [17942] [17943] [17944] |
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17948 |
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Date: February 07, 2022 at 11:13:55
From: pamela, [DNS_Address]
Subject: Re: Terrestrial warming and cooling: Either or both? |
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Its very controversial, isn't it? I have studied/read
most of these myself including the Zharkova et al info.
What I find is that all of these do not take into account
the real geoengineering going on for decades, which Jim
Lee's, Climateviewer covers,(links below) showing the
newspapers, websites, science projects, etc all aimed at
changing the weather. No CT there. He's done his
homework. So if one wants to take a gander at his on-
going work, its worth a good long look.
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Responses:
[17949] [17951] |
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17949 |
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Date: February 08, 2022 at 09:06:23
From: akira, [DNS_Address]
Subject: thanks |
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thanks for bringing the topic up on the other board. It's definitely something
I'll be exploring & paying attention to. Thanks for all your posts.
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Responses:
[17951] |
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17951 |
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Date: February 08, 2022 at 10:49:49
From: pamela, [DNS_Address]
Subject: Re: thanks |
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Sorry to see you go but I understand. National board is
very toxic. Thanks for all your posts and take care
and see you around.
THe 2 recent posts I made about the geoengineering are
here on Envirowatchers, if you want to check them out.
Date: January 20, 2022 at 06:36:46
From: pamela
Subject: Ionospheric Heaters & What is HAARP? Part 2
URL: https://youtu.be/yuUCSqJLVOo
Ionospheric Heaters & What is HAARP? Part 2
WATCH PART 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0U3IR...
DOWNLOAD PRESENTATION:
https://climateviewer.com/2018/11/14/...
SUPPORT & CONNECT WITH CLIMATEVIEWER:
https://connect.climateviewer.com/
This video by James F. Lee Jr. (ClimateViewer News,
LLC)
is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-
NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...
Date: February 03, 2022 at 11:58:10
From: pamela
Subject: Solar Geoengineering Banned But Still Going
Ahead
URL: https://youtu.be/SRb4SrVEVRc
Solar Geoengineering Banned But Still Going Ahead
102 watching now Started streaming 33 minutes ago
SUPPORT & CONNECT WITH CLIMATEVIEWER:
https://connect.climateviewer.com/
Reflecting Sunlight: Recommendations for Solar
Geoengineering Research and Research Governance (2021)
http://nap.edu/25762
Convention on Biological Diversity Ban on
Geoengineering (2011)
https://www.cbd.int/climate/geoengine...
Stratospheric Sulfur Geoengineering - Benefits and
Risks (2018)
https://weathermodificationhistory.co...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dmxZ_...
Solar Geoengineering: Warnings from Scientists,
Indigenous Peoples, Youth, and Climate Activists (2021)
https://stopsolargeo.org/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jbwCN...
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Responses:
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17940 |
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Date: February 06, 2022 at 04:31:27
From: akira, [DNS_Address]
Subject: 2013: Deep solar minimum and global climate changes |
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25685420/ |
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w J Adv Res
. 2013 May;4(3):209-14. doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2012.11.001. Epub 2013 Feb 18.
Deep solar minimum and global climate changes
Ahmed A Hady 1
Affiliations expand
PMID: 25685420 PMCID: PMC4295040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2012.11.001
Free PMC article
Abstract
This paper examines the deep minimum of solar cycle 23 and its potential
impact on climate change. In addition, a source region of the solar winds at
solar activity minimum, especially in the solar cycle 23, the deepest during
the last 500 years, has been studied. Solar activities have had notable effect
on palaeoclimatic changes. Contemporary solar activity are so weak and
hence expected to cause global cooling. Prevalent global warming, caused
by building-up of green-house gases in the troposphere, seems to exceed
this solar effect. This paper discusses this issue.
Keywords: Climate change; Deep solar minimum; Global cooling; Solar
activity.
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Responses:
[17942] [17943] [17944] |
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17942 |
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Date: February 06, 2022 at 09:08:25
From: chaskuchar@stcharlesmo, [DNS_Address]
Subject: Re: 2013: Deep solar minimum and global climate changes |
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thank you for informative articles. especially for the
retraction of the solar paper.
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Responses:
[17943] [17944] |
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17943 |
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Date: February 06, 2022 at 13:02:32
From: akira, [DNS_Address]
Subject: Re: 2013: Deep solar minimum and global climate changes |
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did you see her study below, Modern Grand Solar Minimum will lead to
terrestrial cooling
She's come to some disturbingly definitive conclusions and nobody seems
to be talking about it.
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Responses:
[17944] |
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17944 |
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Date: February 06, 2022 at 13:46:13
From: chaskuchar@stcharlesmo, [DNS_Address]
Subject: Re: 2013: Deep solar minimum and global climate changes |
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i have been reading about it for the last couple of
years. i agree the the solar cycles are aiming for a
grand minimum. might be more than the maunder mininmum.
thank you for your posting about these scientific
observations. many years ago i received abstracts for
the bioelectromagnetic society and formatted and
arranged them for the annual meetings. learned a lot
about magnetism and electromagnetism. still keep copies
of the book of abstracts as sentimental memories.
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