Overall, we rate Daily Mail Right Biased and
Questionable due to numerous failed fact checks and
poor information sourcing.
Detailed Report
Questionable Reasoning: Right, Propaganda, Conspiracy,
Some Fake News, Numerous Failed Fact Checks
Bias Rating: RIGHT
Factual Reporting: LOW
Country: United Kingdom
MBFC’s Country Freedom Rank: MOSTLY FREE
Media Type: Newspaper
Traffic/Popularity: High Traffic
MBFC Credibility Rating: LOW CREDIBILITY
..The Daily Mail tends to publish stories utilizing
sensationalized headlines with emotionally loaded
wordings such as “Woman, 63, ‘becomes PREGNANT in the
mouth’ with baby squid after eating calamari”, which is
a misleading headline. In 2017, Wikipedia banned the
Daily Mail as an ‘unreliable’ source. When it comes to
sourcing information, they use minimal hyperlinked
sourcing and sourcing to themselves. Further, a Reuters
Institute survey found that 26% of respondents trust
their news coverage and 47% do not, ranking them #11 in
trust of the major UK news providers. In general, most
stories favor the right; however, the Daily Mail will
report either side of the story is sensational
enough...
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Hey, Red, while I agree with you about the questionable source, and I
note in the sourced article there is no link back to the original research
being reported, and their graphics which mimic the original and yet turn
them into cartoons verses the actual graphics with the research, all of which
I find editorially disturbing, because of the actual source, and their validity
(and my personal relationship with staff at PNSC), here is (what I believe to
be) the Abstract and Introduction of original study.
The full paper, as published by Science Advances, is at the link above..
Full Research Paper Title: Subducting plate structure and megathrust
morphology from deep seismic imaging linked to earthquake rupture
segmentation at Cascadia
Abstract
The origin of rupture segmentation along subduction zone megathrusts and
linkages to the structural evolution of the subduction zone are poorly
understood. Here, regional-scale seismic imaging of the Cascadia margin is
used to characterize the megathrust spanning ~900 km from Vancouver
Island to the California border, across the seismogenic zone to a few tens of
kilometers from the coast. Discrete domains in lower plate geometry and
sediment underthrusting are identified, not evident in prior regional plate
models, which align with changes in lithology and structure of the upper
plate and interpreted paleo-rupture patches. Strike-slip faults in the lower
plate associated with oblique subduction mark boundaries between regions
of distinct lower plate geometry. Their formation may be linked to changes
in upper plate structure across long-lived upper plate faults. The Juan de
Fuca plate is fragmenting within the seismogenic zone at Cascadia as the
young plate bends beneath the heterogeneous upper plate resulting in
structural domains that coincide with paleo-rupture segmentation.
INTRODUCTION
Subduction zone megathrust faults rupture in patches and repeat ruptures
can have similar slip distributions (1, 2). However, dynamic rupture
processes are complex and slip histories show that rupture segments can
be maintained in some events and breached in others. What gives rise to
rupture segmentation and its persistence over repeat earthquake cycles is a
question of ongoing debate and a critical need for hazard assessment and
monitoring [e.g., (3, 4)]. The geometry of the plate interface plays an
important role in modulating rupture characteristics and size [e.g., (5–7)]
and there is considerable evidence that morphologic heterogeneities on the
lower plate including seamounts and fracture zones can serve as barriers to
rupture propagation in some settings (2, 8). The geometry and depth of the
plate boundary zone also contributes to other fault zone properties
fundamental for seismogenesis and earthquake propagation, including
depth-dependent frictional properties and rheology, and the mineral
alteration and dehydration reactions that contribute to the hydrogeology of
the plate interface fault (9, 10). The morphology and depth of the plate
interface evolves as the downgoing lithospheric plate bends in response to
regional tectonic stresses and as a function of its strength and structure.
Plate bending typically begins in the outer rise and can result in spatial
variations in brittle deformation and near-trench plate hydration that leads
to weakening of the subducting plate (11) and contributes to the distribution
of seismicity further downdip (12). Recent studies highlight how variations
in bending of the lower plate can develop under the wedge due to along-
margin changes in the strength and weight of the upper plate, also
contributing to segmentation in earthquake slip along the plate interface
(13, 14). Other studies indicate variations in upper plate strength and
lithology modulate frictional state along the plate interface and may play the
primary role in rupture segmentation (15–17). Unraveling the role of upper
and lower plate properties and their impact on fault frictional state and
rupture potential is complex and requires detailed characterization of plate
interface geometry and physical properties across multiple rupture
segments. This information is currently lacking at most subduction zones.
The Cascadia subduction zone (CSZ) has hosted giant earthquakes of
moment magnitude >8.5 in the past and poses a major geohazard to
populations of the Pacific Northwest (7). The CSZ exhibits along-margin
segmentation in paleoslip indicators, current state of locking, plate interface
microseismicity, and in patterns of episodic tremor and slip (ETS) (17–23).
However, the extent to which indicators of paleo-rupture segmentation at
Cascadia reflect the presence of persistent barriers to rupture propagation,
how variations in current fault locking are linked to paleo-rupture
segmentation, and what physical characteristics are driving megathrust
segmentation are poorly understood as is the significance of these
observations for dynamic rupture in future earthquakes [e.g., (3, 4)].
Accurate characterization of plate interface depth and geometry is needed
to evaluate earthquake source and rupture scenarios but with the unusual
lack of background seismicity within the seismogenic zone along much of
this margin (20, 24, 25), its geometry and depth have greater uncertainty
than at many subduction zones. Data constraints for the seismogenic zone,
which is inferred to lie largely offshore at Cascadia (4, 9) are particularly
sparse and current models of slab geometry (24, 26, 27) provide a low-
resolution smoothed surface with little apparent relationship to
segmentation in slip indicators.
In this study, we present constraints from a new multichannel seismic (MCS)
investigation of the geometry of the downgoing Juan de Fuca (JdF)–
Explorer–Gorda plates and plate interface fault within the Cascadia
seismogenic zone, providing insights into slip behavior segmentation, and
the evolution of plate geometry as it descends. Modern long-offset MCS
techniques provide the best tools available for imaging at seismogenic zone
depths, revealing the subsurface architecture in high resolution, and
providing constraints on material properties along the megathrust that
contribute to frictional state. Our study makes use of ~5500 km of data
acquired with a 12- to-15-km-long receiver array on a quasi-regular grid
composed of intersecting margin crossing and parallel profiles spanning
over 900 km along the plate boundary from the northernmost Gorda plate to
the northern limit of subduction offshore Vancouver Island. The MCS data
were acquired during the Cascadia Seismic Imaging Experiment 2021
(CASIE21), supplemented with ~750 km of data from the 2012 JdF ridge-to-
trench study (Materials and Methods and Fig. 1 and fig. S1). Both datasets
have been processed to prestack depth migration (PSDM) using advanced
methods for noise and multiple suppression, velocity model building, and
migration and provide high-resolution structural and physical property
information for the plate interface zone, overlying accretionary wedge and
downgoing plates. The dataset, along with others acquired as part of the
CASIE21 experiment (28), support the development of a new structural
framework for the offshore margin and is available to the community for
other future studies. The results provide greatly increased resolution of the
three-dimensional (3D) geometry of the lower plate and plate interface
across much of the critical seismogenic portion of the megathrust reaching
within a few tens of kilometers from the coast for much of the margin. In key
areas, the results suggest substantial differences in plate depth and shape
from commonly used current models (24, 27).
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